Archeological and molecular data indicates that modern maize was domesticated from annual balsas teosinte zea mays ssp. Join facebook to connect with zea maize and others you may know. Abstract maize crop zea mays is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout. This genus consists of about 4 species of annual and perennial grasses, bearing alternate, long, narrow leaves. Figure 1 above shows 2005 maize production in metric tonnes, and figure 2 identifies the locations where that maize was grown and the production levels for each country. If you are a breeder or researcher and are familiar with the general information of this page, please refer to gramene zea statistics and queries. Although most grasses have bisexual florets the mature florets of z.
The objective of this paper is to remotely evaluate the phenological development of maize zea mays l. The production of this crop has been transformed from that of a minor. The contributions in this volume demonstrate that its role was more complex and varied than had been previously assumed. Cultivation system is a key factor in sweet maize production, especially for introduction of this underutilized. Maize is considered to have evolved from the mexican annual teosintes z. The functionally male florets are borne on the tassel. The flowers are bisexual with males and females in the same spikelet. Maizegdb is a founding member of agbiodata, a consortuim of agriculturerelated online resources which is committed to making agriculturerelated research data fair. Introduction maize zea mays l is one of the most important cereal crops grown in africa and rank the third most cultivated crop in nigeria ayeni, 1987. Soliman, hashem moustafa, physiological characters in maize zea mays l. Zea maize reference materials for genetically modified. Currently, mexico is the 7th largest producer in the world behind brazil and the european union world atlas, 2019. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link. Although the application of n fertilizer can improve maize yield, excess n application due to low knowledge of the mechanisms of nitrogen use efficiency nue poses.
Maize is grown on a large area in germany and there is a growing concern in society about negative environmental effects related to this. It possesses over 32,000 genes on ten chromosomes with a genome size of 2. Globally, less than onehalf of applied n is recovered by maize. Maize is thought to have originated at least 5000 years ago in the highlands of mexico, peru, ecuador, andor bolivia because of the great density of native forms found in the region.
Louis, missouri, usa the 62nd annual maize genetics meeting was cancelled due to covid19 and details about a virtual meeting will be forthcoming. Maize zea mays, called corn in some regions of the world, is a grass of tropical origin that has become the major grain crop in the world in terms of total production, with re cent production around 800 million tons per year. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. American tropics and mexico from where the crop maize originated brewbaker. Pdf zea stands for sustaining life and mays stands for life giver. These histories of maize show that in some cases its symbolic role to. The dna obtained using this extraction protocol is suitable for polymerase chain reaction pcr genotyping, which can be employed for the identification of alleles in diverse genetic and breeding approaches, such as marker. There were 163 countries producing maize in 2005, but only two countries together the us and china produced over half of the total amount. Aug 09, 2019 zea maize private limited is a private incorporated on 24 july 20. Maize zea maysl is the staple food of many african countries and many types of maize are grown around the world. Zea is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family.
It spread to the rest of the world after european contact with the americas in the late 15th and early 16th century. The objective of the study was to test the performance of mixtures of maize and climbing beans as an alternative to monocropped maize under different site and management conditions. Globally, maize is known as queen of cereals because it has the highest genetic yield potential among the cereals. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The effects of sowing density of maize and beans as well as the sowing time. Maize cultivar pratap makka 5 was taken as test crop. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted with. There have been four principal and several minor theories regarding the origin of maize. Maize zea mays, poaceae family is a cereal crop grown in va rious agroecological zones, as a single crop or in mixed cropping. The maize genetics and genomics database maizegdb serves the maize zea mays research community by making a wealth of genetics and genomics data available through an intuitive webbased interface. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Because of its economic importance, the genetics of corn has been studied extensively. Draft assembly of elite inbred line ph207 provides insights.
Agriculture free fulltext effect of sowing method and. Germplasm resources information network grin taxonomy zea. It has been an important food crop since ancient times, especially among the peoples of central and south america. It is classified as nongovt company and is registered at registrar of companies, delhi. A recent survey by adiaha 2016 a also confirms this view. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of weeds of the u. Zea maize, commonly called corn in the united states, is one of the most important food crops. In sexual reproduction, two gametes fuse, bringing together homologous chromosomes from both parents. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the. Zea mays maize, corn vincent major reference works. Nitrogen n fertilizers are needed to enhance maize zea mays l. It is an annual plant belongingto the grass family and it is a warm season crop requiringwarmer growingtemperatures than the smallgrains for example wheat.
Maize is a highly domesticated crop species that does not exist outside of cultivation bonavia, 20. National center for biotechnology information ncbi taxonomy browser zea. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. Seed yield performance of different maize zea mays l. Genomic dna isolation from maize zea mays leaves using a. In several countries, maize is the staple food for many people. Information regarding mode of propagation, controlled pollinations. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title zea. The 63rd annual maize genetics conference will be held on march 1114, 2021, at the union station in st. Evaluation of different maize varieties zea mays l.
Each flower head comprises of spikelets, with one or more florets that are covered with glumes or scales. Taxonomically and nomenclaturally maize is known as z. Several wild species are commonly known as teosintes and are native to mesoamerica. Maize phenology was monitored by means of the recently developed visible atmospherically resistant indices, derived from spectral reflectance data. Maize is one of the most important crops in the world. Zea mays is one of the oldest and most dynamic crop species, which has gained. Zea maize private limited is a private incorporated on 24 july 20. With that brief introduction to maize, we encourage you to explore gramenes doorway to zea to learn many more specific details about this unique grass species. In mexico, maize is the most important crop because it is a basic component of the mexican diet. Despite decades of research by botanists, molecular biologists, and archaeologists, the origin and early history of maize remain controversial 1 5. Response of maize zea mays lvarieties to planting densities. To further our understanding of how genome and transcriptome variation contribute to the production of highyielding hybrids, we generated a draft genome assembly of the inbred line ph207 to complement and compare with the existing b73 reference. This view was opposite that of milford and pearman 1975. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted with an objective to.
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